The Nature Of Allergies

Allergies can affect a person in various ways. These can be in the form of hayfever or allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, food allergies or drug allergies just to name a few. Allergies can elicit reactions, which range from the annoying and itchy skin redness to the fatal anaphylactic shock usually caused by drug or food allergies.

One of the most common allergies is hayfever. It is estimated that almost 1 in every 5 Americans has this form of allergy. Hayfever is often aggravated by molds, pollen, dander or bits of animal skin and household dust.

Food allergies commonly affect children than adults. However, children often outgrow their food allergies by the time they reach the age of 3. The most common food offenders are nuts, milk and eggs. It is observed that peanuts and seafood deliver the strongest and sometimes worst and fatal reactions. Unfortunately, most people rarely outgrow their peanut and seafood allergies. Other allergies that can result into fatal reactions include allergies to penicillin and insect stings.

Most often allergies can be handled effectively by home remedies. However, if you experience the worst form, it is always wise to consult your doctor. He will be able to prescribe some medications to curb the reactions like antihistamines and steroid nasal sprays. Some alternative treatments like herbs, acupuncture and homeopathy are found to be effective by some individuals.

Here are some of the signs and symptoms of the different forms of allergies:

A person suffering from hayfever may experience itchy or runny eyes accompanied by frequent sneezing with runny or stuffy nose. The back of the throat and hard palate or roof of the mouth may also feel itchy.

Sneezing, coughing and wheezing are common to people with allergic asthma. There are even cases when those affected with this form of allergy may find difficulty in breathing.

A person with food allergies will often experience an upset stomach and itchy, red and bumpy skin outbreaks whenever offending foods are consumed. Drug allergies on the other hand often show bumpy, red and itchy skin similar with food allergies. Sometimes, drug allergies exhibit flu like symptoms like low fever, headache and joint pain.

There are different approaches to follow in order to prevent allergic reactions depending on the offending substance.

If you are allergic to pollen, it will be helpful if you stay indoors during the days when the pollen count is high. It is also advisable to avoid smoking or smoky places and areas with dusts and insects sprays.

If you have hayfever, try over the counter antihistamines. It is also wise to keep track which among the antihistamine medications work best for you. Always check with your doctor if you are taking prescription drugs because these might cause some unwanted reactions when mixed together with over the counter antihistamines.

Finally, if your allergies are due to insect stings or if you have severe reactions to some food, ask your doctor for an emergency kit that contains antihistamine and epinephrine shot. Always carry this kit with you because this might just save your life.

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Managing Bronchitis Symptoms and Knowing the Treatment

Inflammation of the respiratory tract that includes the trachea and the bronchus is known as bronchitis. This may be caused by viral or bacterial infection or constant exposure to pollutants (such as smoking and air pollution). There are two kinds, acute and chronic bronchitis.

Acute bronchitis usually takes place right after an infection of the upper respiratory tract has occurred like a sinus infection or the common cold. As for chronic bronchitis, there is no exact microorganism that can be pinpointed as a cause but smoking and environmental pollutants are believed to be the major culprits which then may be followed by bacterial or viral infection as the immune system becomes vulnerable.

Common symptoms of both kinds of bronchitis are nasal congestion, muscle pains, fever and chills, sore throat, poor sleep, and dyspnea (common in chronic bronchitis). Basically, the symptoms of bronchitis are similar to that of the common cold. It starts with an irritation at the back of the throat and as it gets worse, cough will enter the picture which may come with phlegm. If the phlegm is streaked with blood, it is best to consult a physician.

Cough is a universal symptom of bronchitis. This may be accompanied with sputum or not (dry cough). Sputum producing cough is a manifestation of an infection in the lower respiratory tract and the lungs. In acute bronchitis, cough may persist for more than fourteen days. Constant and vigorous coughing may leave the thoracic and abdominal muscles aching. Without proper medication, forceful coughing may even cause injury to the chest wall.

Uncomplicated bronchitis can be easily treated at home. Commonly, bronchitis (especially acute bronchitis) is caused by a viral infection. Virus-caused bronchitis is self-limiting and may require no major treatment except to alleviate symptoms and ease discomfort.

But if it is caused by bacterial infections, then antibiotics are prescribed. However, antibiotics should not be taken if bronchitis is caused by a virus. Doing so, will only be a waste of time and money. An over usage of antibiotics will only make certain types of bacteria to build resistance from the medication.

Since muscle aches can be experienced through the course of the disease, anti-pain medications may be taken such as acetaminophen and aspirin. But bear in mind that an over dosage of these type of medications may cause gastric bleeding. These should be taken with a full stomach. Furthermore, aspirin is contraindicated for children and pregnant women. Aspirin is thought to be highly associated with Reye’s syndrome in children, and it may cause severe bleeding in pregnant women.

To ease irritation in the respiratory tract, a cool mist humidifier may be employed. Taking large amounts of liquid helps out to ease fever because it tends to cool down the body temperature. Liquid intake also thins out or liquefies the phlegm, making it easier to cough it out. Another way to loosen up the phlegm is by taking an expectorant such as quaifenesin.

Further medical treatment will depend on the causative factor of bronchitis. If the patient is experiencing severe uncontrollable coughing, cough suppressants may be prescribed by the physician. But the before prescribing it, the physician will most likely test the individual to rule out other diseases.

Another kind of medication is the bronchodilator. This causes the respiratory tract tissues to dilate or open up which then promotes easy passage of air to the lungs. It consequently reduces wheezing.

Again, antibiotics may be used. Other than the reason of bacterial-caused infection in uncomplicated bronchitis is because individuals suffering from long term lung problems are more prone to bacteria infections because of their weakened immune systems.

In later stages of chronic bronchitis, the patient may call for supplemental oxygen to assist him or her in breathing. This oxygen therapy may be given during exercise to avoid dyspnea. And the patient may as well be hospitalized if the disease has become very severe and has developed complications.

To avoid further complications, patients may be required to receive an annual flu vaccine, as well as pneumococcal vaccine every five to seven years. Other medical treatments may also include mucolytic agents, antitussive medications, and alpha1 antitrypsin therapy.

Other treatments that can ease the symptoms of bronchitis are the use of herbal medicines. These can be formulated as inhalants and tea. Still, consult your physician if these additional herbal medicines won’t interfere with the primary treatment.

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The Dangers and Concerns of Avian Flu

What is Avian Flu (Bird Flu)
Avian flu is an infection caused by a certain kind of influenza virus. Although there are many kinds of avian flu, the kind that now concerns health workers is the H5N1 avian flu virus. This virus is found in wild birds. Most of the time, wild birds don’t get sick from the virus. However, wild birds can easily pass the virus to birds that are being raised for food, such as chickens, ducks, and turkeys.

What causes avian flu?
People who come into contact with infected chickens, ducks, or turkeys are more likely to get the virus. There have been a few cases where it was passed human to human. The flu virus can be passed through bird droppings and saliva. It can also live on surfaces such as cages, tractors, and other farm equipment. The virus may be transmitted into indoor areas like floors and counter tops by people who come in contact with infected birds.
» Read more: The Dangers and Concerns of Avian Flu

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