What is Swine Flu?

Swine flu or swine influenza is a disease common in swine, with normal flu-like symptoms, but caused by any strain of the swine influenza virus (SIV – virus endemic in pigs). Though rare in humans, individuals with greater exposure to swine could contract swine influenza if the swine are carrying the particular rare strain of the SIV that is capable of affecting humans. Even then, it is a rare occurrence for the strain to be able to pass from human to human. This could occur if the SIV is able to mutate into a form that can be easily transmitted among humans.

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An Introduction To Migraine Headache

Headache is one common problem that everyone faces. Like other sicknesses, even headache has its genres depending upon nature and causes of headache. Headache could be the side effect of some diseases or it may trigger because of constant stress that you may have been facing in your life. Although, most types of headache could be effectively cured but one genre of headache is yet to be offered a permanent cure. Yes! I am talking about migraine pain that is still shrouded with mystery.

Medical science is yet to ascertain exact causes of migraine headache. In most of the cases migraine pain disappears suddenly after troubling you for quite some time. But it may worsen a person’s condition if it is a recurring one. It happens when you are afflicted with classic migraine pain.

In rare cases, the pain is termed as Status Migrainosus. This migraine pain persists till you undergo severe medication and take sufficient rest. This type of migraine completely disrupts your schedule. You are needed to take a break and relax for a couple of days. However, majority of folks suffer from common migraine pain which makes you fall on the bed. You are resilient enough to quickly come back to your routine after a common migraine.

Seeing the gravity of migraine pain, you are not recommended to use over the counter pain killers to subside your pain.

Most of the medical researchers claim that migraine pain could be due to variation in serotonin level. Serotonin is a brain chemical that is said to have its effect on blood vessels going to brain. Blood vessels keep swelling and shrinking due to varying level of serotonin. This variation beyond the normal range results in to migraine. But, factual evidences have not yet proved the perfection of this medical theory regarding migraine.

It’s not necessary that only adults might suffer from migraine, even a child could suffer from migraine if he/she remains in stressful situations. Children afflicted with migraine must not be allowed to use non-prescription pain killers. Such children are suggested to perform breathing exercises and other relaxation exercises.

If you are facing a recurring migraine pain, you must also keep track of the frequency of recurrence. It happens to be of great help for doctors in suggesting medication by ascertaining the gravity level of migraine.

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Winnebago Mental Health Institute – Its History and Development

If we speak of a primary center for treatment of mental illness in Wisconsin, Winnebago Mental Health Institute or WMHI is the first facility that comes to mind. Located at Lake Winnebago’s west shore, this state facility has about 1300 admissions every year and an average of 250 patients.

The facility was constructed in 1871. Originally named Northern Asylum for the Insane, its name was later changed to Winnebago State Hospital before the name was again changed to Winnebago Mental Health Institute.

Basically, WMHI’s services can be grouped into three areas. The first one is called Adult Service 1, consisting of forensic units. The second area is called Adult Service 2, for adults that are multiply impaired, and those requiring treatment for behavior modification, substance abuse and mental illnesses. The third unit, Youth Services, is for children and adolescents that are multiply impaired and those who are mentally ill and have substance abuse disorder.

The Therapeutic Services Department is responsible in evaluating and assessing the patients. There are 4 divisions of service: occupational therapy, recreational therapy, speech therapy and physical therapy. These divisions are responsible in the holistic approach to treatment.

There are various treatment activities in WMHI. One of them is individual psychotherapy. A treatment plan is outlined for each patient to determine the frequency of sessions that he must undergo. A clinical staff writes notes for each visit. The attending psychiatrist meets the treatment team on a regular basis to review the treatment plan.

Another treatment activity is through psychopharmacology. The attending psychiatrist determines and orders the medication according to the individual patient’s treatment plan. Psychotropic medication is used in order to achieve treatment goals and reduce risk of injury and violence.

Group therapy is another kind of treatment, where problems of each patient are shared and solutions are discussed. Other treatment activities include self-help groups, family therapy and community groups.

However, the facility is faced with controversy lately. City inspectors found violations of the hospital. Infractions include failure to protect patient’s rights such as the right to be protected from violent and sexual behaviors of other patients, to have privacy and to be in a safe environment. Other violations include medication errors and failure to correct environmental hazards and infection control in the facility.

Within a period of two years, three deaths and one rape case were reported. These, among other problems, have caused authorities to cite the facility for neglect and lack of attention. Reports indicate that poor supervision and staffing as well as bad judgment in medication caused these problems. Because of this, the government ordered the facility to correct the problems by 2008. Otherwise, it shall lose its federal funding for both Medicaid and Medicare.

With this development, lawmakers have introduced a bipartisan bill requiring all patient deaths in the facility be investigated. This is to create more transparency and accountability to the taxpayers.

More problems are at hand for WMHI. Hospital officials cite financial loss as the reason why there is not enough staff in the facility. Because of such financial losses, there are not enough employees to maintain hospital safety and provide better service to patients.

Despite these problems that the Winnebago Mental Health Institute has, hospital officials continue to work hard to give quality treatment to their patients.

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